1. Sunscreen Application:
The most important step in treating melasma is daily sun protection. Ultraviolet (UV) rays can worsen hyperpigmentation, so using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher is essential. Reapply every two hours, especially if you’re outdoors.

2. Topical Lightening Agents:
Prescription-strength creams containing ingredients like hydroquinone, tretinoin, or corticosteroids are often used to lighten melasma patches. These ingredients help reduce melanin production, leading to a gradual fading of dark spots.

3. Chemical Peels:
Chemical peels containing glycolic acid or lactic acid can help exfoliate the skin, removing the top layer of pigmented cells and promoting the growth of fresh, even-toned skin. This treatment requires professional supervision for best results.

4. Laser Treatment:
Laser therapies, such as fractional CO2 and Q-switched lasers, target and break down excess pigmentation without damaging surrounding tissue. Laser treatment can be effective for stubborn melasma that doesn’t respond to topical treatments.

5. Consistent Skincare Routine:
A gentle skincare routine with hydrating cleansers and moisturizers helps soothe the skin, while products with antioxidants and brightening agents can support the treatment of melasma.

By combining these treatments with a dedicated skincare regimen, individuals can effectively manage melasma and achieve clearer, more even skin.